Capacidad pronóstica del PIV (pan-immune-inflammation value) en pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello / Prognostic capacity of PIV (pan-immune-inflammation value) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Introducción: El PIV (pan-immune-inflammation value), un índice que resulta del cociente (neutrófilos×monocitos×plaquetas) / linfocitos, ha sido propuesto como un biomarcador con capacidad pronóstica en diferentes modelos tumorales. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la capacidad pronóstica del PIV en pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 1.187 pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello tratados en nuestro centro durante el periodo 2000-2017. Se obtuvo el valor del PIV a partir de un análisis realizado en un intervalo inferior a las 3 semanas previas al inicio del tratamiento. Resultados: El valor del PIV se relacionó de forma significativa con el consumo de tóxicos (p=0,001), la localización del tumor (0,0001), la extensión tumoral (0,0001), y el grado histológico (0,016). Mediante un análisis de partición recursiva se definieron 4 categorías en función del valor del PIV: categoría i: PIV<136,3 (n=118; 9,9%), categoría ii: PIV 136,3-451,1 (n=594, 50,0%); categoría iii: PIV 451,1-1.141,2 (n=357; 30,1%); categoría iv: PIV>1.141,2 (n=118; 9,9%). Se pudo observar una reducción ordenada y significativa de la supervivencia específica a medida que se incrementaba la categoría en el valor del PIV. Esta disminución en la supervivencia se produjo de forma independiente al tipo de tratamiento, la extensión del tumor, o la localización del tumor primario. La categoría en el valor del PIV se relacionó de forma significativa con la supervivencia específica en un estudio multivariable. Conclusiones: El PIV es un biomarcador con capacidad pronóstica en los pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello.(AU)

Introduction: The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), an index that results from the following ratio: (neutrophils×monocytes×platelets) / lymphocytes, has been proposed as a prognostic biomarker in different tumor models. The aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic capacity of PIV in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Patients and methods: Retrospective study of 1,187 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated at our center between 2000-2017. PIV value was obtained from an analysis performed within 3 weeks prior to the start of treatment. Results: PIV value was significantly associated with toxic consumption (0.001), tumor location (0.0001), tumor extension (0.0001), and histological grade (0.016). Four categories were defined based on PIV value using a recursive partitioning analysis: category i: PIV<136.3 (n=118, 9.9%), category ii: PIV 136.3-451.1 (n=594, 50.0%), category iii: PIV 451.1-1,141.2 (n=357, 30.1%), and category iv: PIV>1,141.2 (n=118, 9.9%). A significant and ordered decrease in disease-specific survival was observed as the PIV category increased. This decrease in survival was independent of the type of treatment, tumor extension, or location of the primary tumor. The PIV category was an independent prognostic factor of disease-specific survival in a multivariable study. Conclusions: PIV is a prognostic biomarker in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.(AU)

Prognostic capacity of PIV (pan-immune-inflammation value) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

INTRODUCTION: The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), an index that results from the following ratio: (neutrophils × monocytes × platelets)/lymphocytes, has been proposed as a prognostic biomarker in different tumour models. The aim of this study is to analyse the prognostic capacity of PIV in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 1187 patients with HNSCC treated at our centre between 2000-2017. PIV value was obtained from an analysis performed within 3 weeks prior to the start of treatment. RESULTS: PIV value was significantly associated with toxic consumption (0.001), tumour location (0.0001), tumour extension (0.0001), and histological grade (0.016). Four categories were defined based on PIV value using a recursive partitioning analysis: category I: PIV < 136.3 (n = 118, 9.9%), category II: PIV 136.3-451.1 (n = 594, 50.0%), category III: PIV 451.1-1,141.2 (n = 357, 30.1%), and category IV: PIV > 1141.2 (n = 118, 9.9%). A significant and ordered decrease in disease-specific survival was observed as the PIV category increased. This decrease in survival was independent of the type of treatment, tumour extension, or location of the primary tumour. The PIV category was and independent prognostic factor of disease-specific survival in a multivariable study. CONCLUSIONS: PIV is a prognostic biomarker in patients with HNSCC.

External validation of the H-index (host index) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the current study is to perform an external validation of the prognostic capacity of the H-index in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS: Retrospective study of 835 patients with HNSCC located in the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx. RESULTS: When applying the cutoffs proposed in the original description of the H-index (1.5 and 3.5), we observed an orderly and significant decrease in the disease-specific survival and overall survival as H-index increased. Additionally, we were able to observe a decrease in survival as the H-index increased regardless of the location, the extension of the tumor or the type of treatment performed. CONCLUSION: We have validated the prognostic capacity of the H-index in patients with HNSCC regardless of the location of the primary tumor, the extent of the disease, or the type of treatment performed.

The aspartate aminotransaminase/alanine aminotransaminase (De Ritis) ratio predicts sensitivity to radiotherapy in head and neck carcinoma patients.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) ratio and local disease control in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) treated with radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: We calculated the pre-treatment AST/ALT ratio in 670 patients with HNSCC treated with radiotherapy (n = 309, 46.1%) or chemoradiotherapy (n = 361, 53.9%). RESULTS: Five-year local recurrence-free survival for patients with a low AST/ALT ratio value (n = 529, 79.0%) was 75.0% (95% CI: 71.1-78.9), and for patients with a high value (n = 141, 21.0%) it was 53.4% (CI 95: 44.4-62.4) (p = 0.0001). In a multivariable analysis, patients with a high ratio had nearly twice the risk of having a local tumor recurrence (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.42-2.75, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The AST/ALT ratio was independently associated with the risk of local recurrence in patients with HNSCC treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.

Vocal fold paralysis due to a hiatal hernia / Parálisis de cuerda vocal debida a una hernia de hiato

No disponible

Prognostic capacity of the weighted lymph node ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with salvage neck dissection.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic capacity of the recently described weighted lymph node ratio (WLNR) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who undergo salvage neck dissection for regional recurrence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 197 adult patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with salvage neck dissection from 1990 to 2017. RESULTS: The mean value for the WLNR for all patients was 26.2%. We established a classification based on the WLNR values taking 10.8% as the cut-off point. Five-year disease-specific survival for patients with WLNR ≤ 10.8% (n = 89, 45.2%) was 39.9% (IC 95% 29.4-50.4%), and for patients with WLNR ≥ 10.8% (n = 108, 54.8%) it was 20.5% (IC 95% 12.3-28.7%) (p = 0.007). The multivariate analysis showed the WLNR had a significant prognostic capacity. CONCLUSIONS: As a variable that integrates data related to the number of metastatic nodes with extracapsular spread to the LNR, the WLNR has a prognostic value in the pathological assessment of HNSCC patients with regional recurrence treated with salvage neck dissection.

Significado pronóstico de los niveles de albúmina previos al tratamiento en los pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello / Prognostic significance of albumin levels prior to treatment in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: Los niveles de albúmina pretratamiento han demostrado tener valor pronóstico en pacientes oncológicos. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la relación entre las cifras de albúmina pretratamiento y el pronóstico en pacientes con un carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello (CECC). MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de una cohorte de 741 pacientes con CECC con una determinación de albúmina plasmática dentro de las 4 semanas previas al inicio del tratamiento. Se analizó la relación entre la supervivencia específica y los niveles de albúmina mediante un análisis de partición recursiva. RESULTADOS: Los niveles de albúmina tuvieron una relación directamente proporcional y estadísticamente significativa con la supervivencia específica. De acuerdo con los resultados del análisis de partición recursiva, los puntos de corte con una mayor capacidad pronóstica fueron 37,5 y 46,1 g/l. En relación con los pacientes con albúmina > 46,1 g/l, los pacientes con albúmina entre 37,5 y 46,1 g/l contaron con un riesgo 1,44 veces superior de morir como consecuencia del tumor (IC 95%: 0,95-2,19, p = 0,081), y los pacientes con cifras de albúmina < 37,5 g/l, con un riesgo 3,19 veces superior (IC 95%: 2,01-5,04, p = 0,0001). Las diferencias en supervivencia en función del valor de albúmina se observaron de forma exclusiva en los pacientes con tumores avanzados (estadios III-IV). CONCLUSIÓN: Las concentraciones de albúmina plasmática previas al tratamiento son un factor pronóstico independiente de supervivencia en los pacientes con CECC en estadios avanzados (III-IV), siendo el punto de corte de 37,5 g/l el de mayor capacidad pronóstica

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Pre-treatment albumin levels have been shown to have prognostic capacity in oncological patients. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between albumin levels and prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS: We performed a retrospective study in a cohort of 741 patients with HNSCC and a plasmatic albumin testing within the 4 weeks prior to the start of treatment. The relationship between disease-specific survival and plasma albumin levels was analysed by a recursive partitioning analysis. RESULTS: Albumin levels showed a directly proportional and statistically significant association with disease-specific survival. According to the results of the recursive partitioning analysis, the cut-off points with a higher prognostic capacity were 37.5 g/L and 46.1 g/L. Taking patients with albumin levels > 46.1 g/L as the benchmark, patients with albumin levels between 37.5-46.1 g/L had a 1.44 times higher risk of disease-specific death (95% CI: .95-2.19, P = .081), and patients with levels < 37.5 g/L had a 3.19 times higher risk (95% CI: 2.01-5.04, P = .0001). The differences in survival based on albumin levels were only seen in patients with advanced stage tumours (stages III-IV). CONCLUSION: Pre-treatment plasmatic albumin is an independent prognostic factor for patients with advanced stage HNSCC (III-IV), 37.5g/L being the cut-off point with the highest prognostic capacity

Salvage surgery in head and neck cancer: External validation of predictors of disease-specific survival.

OBJECTIVE: Salvage surgery in recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with poor outcomes. There is great interest to better identify suitable surgical patients. This study aimed to validate the proposal of Hamoir et al. to use three items to predict the outcomes of salvage surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single-center analysis of 577 patients undergoing salvage surgery for recurrent HNSCC during the period 1985-2016, with a minimal follow-up of 2 years. Patients were classified according to the prediction modeling proposed by Hamoir et al. This prediction modeling is based on three predictors: the tumor site (larynx vs non-larynx), initial staging (stage I-II vs stage III-IV), and site of recurrence (local or regional vs locoregional). RESULTS: Five-year disease-specific survival after salvage surgery was 54.0% (95% CI: 49.6-58.4%). Applying the prediction modeling tested, a total of 212 patients (36.7%) patients had no predictors of poor prognosis, 185 (32.1%) had one predictor, 146 (25.3%) two predictors, and 34 (5.9%) three predictors. Five-year disease-specific survival for patients with none, one, two and three predictors were 82.2%, 47.2%, 29.5% and 20.2% respectively (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We have validated the prediction modeling based on the location of the tumor, initial staging and locoregional recurrence proposed by Hamoir et al. This prediction model is easy to apply and provides good information about the possibilities of success of salvage surgery.

Prognostic significance of albumin levels prior to treatment in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. / Significado pronóstico de los niveles de albúmina previos al tratamiento en los pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Pre-treatment albumin levels have been shown to have prognostic capacity in oncological patients. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between albumin levels and prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS: We performed a retrospective study in a cohort of 741 patients with HNSCC and a plasmatic albumin testing within the 4weeks prior to the start of treatment. The relationship between disease-specific survival and plasma albumin levels was analysed by a recursive partitioning analysis. RESULTS: Albumin levels showed a directly proportional and statistically significant association with disease-specific survival. According to the results of the recursive partitioning analysis, the cut-off points with a higher prognostic capacity were 37.5g/L and 46.1g/L. Taking patients with albumin levels >46.1g/L as the benchmark, patients with albumin levels between 37.5-46.1g/L had a 1.44 times higher risk of disease-specific death (95%CI: .95-2.19, P=.081), and patients with levels <37.5g/L had a 3.19 times higher risk (95%CI: 2.01-5.04, P=.0001). The differences in survival based on albumin levels were only seen in patients with advanced stage tumours (stagesIII-IV). CONCLUSION: Pre-treatment plasmatic albumin is an independent prognostic factor for patients with advanced stage HNSCC (III-IV), 37.5g/L being the cut-off point with the highest prognostic capacity.

Prognostic capacity of Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Inflammation and immune evasion are associated with carcinogenesis. Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) has been proposed as a pretreatment peripheral blood biomarker. The aim of this study is to analyze its prognostic capacity in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). METHODS: We performed a retrospective study in 824 patients with HNSCC. SIRI was calculated by neutrophils*monocytes/lymphocytes. Using a recursive-partitioning analysis considering disease-specific survival (DSS) as dependent variable, three categories were defined according to SIRI value. RESULTS: Males, patients with history of toxic consumption, oropharyngeal or hypopharyngeal tumors, and advanced tumors had a significantly higher SIRI value. As SIRI increased, a significant decrease in DSS was observed. In a multivariable analysis, SIRI was an independent predictor of DSS. Moreover, SIRI was a significant predictor of local, regional, and distant recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: SIRI has independent prognostic capacity in HNSCC. Patients with higher SIRI have a significant decrease in DSS.

Pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy: multivariate analysis of risk factors and a severity-based classification proposal.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to determine the predisposing factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) in patients undergoing total laryngectomy (TL) or extended TL and, secondarily, to propose a new severity-based classification system. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 400 patients who underwent TL or extended TL. Major fistula was defined as a fistula (1) persisting for ≥ 4 weeks, (2) requiring surgical treatment, or (3) associated with perioperative mortality. RESULTS: PCF formation occurred in 93 patients (23.3%) and major fistula in 72 (18.0%). Extended surgery with partial or total pharyngectomy, previous treatment with radiotherapy, and postoperative hemoglobin levels < 99 g/L were associated with a significantly higher risk of developing major fistula. CONCLUSIONS: We propose a new PCF classification system according to clinical severity. Predictors of major fistula were the type of surgery, previous radiotherapy, and low (< 99 g/L) postoperative hemoglobin levels. We consider the use of onlay flaps in irradiated patients who require partial pharyngectomy.

Prognostic role of extracapsular spread in planned neck dissection after chemoradiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of nodes with extracapsular spread (ECS) in patients treated with a planned neck dissection after chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study of 109 cN+ patients who achieved a complete response in the primary location after chemoradiotherapy and treated with a planned neck dissection. RESULTS: The 5-year disease-specific survival for patients without residual metastatic nodes in the neck dissection (pN0, n = 69) was 75.7% (95% CI: 64.4%-87.0%). For patients with metastatic nodes without ECS (pN+/ECS-negative, n = 17), the corresponding figure was 74.0% (95% CI: 48.2%-99.8%), and for patients with metastatic neck nodes with ECS (pN+/ECS-positive, n = 23) it was 8.7% (95% CI: 0.0%-24.3%) (P = .0001). CONCLUSION: The presence of ECS in the pathologic study of the planned neck dissections carried out after chemoradiotherapy in patients with human papillomavirus-negative (HPV-negative) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) allows identification of a group of patients with a high risk of failure.